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Firework terminology - phrases and words in common use

Below are explanations of some of the terms which may cause confusion.

Cats or Categories.

The 'Cat' tells you the safe watching distance.

  • Cat 1: INDOOR fireworks or stage effects, quite safe, no burning component, but can be quite amazing.
  • Cat 2: GARDEN firework, keep at least 5 metres away when watching.
  • Cat 3: DISPLAY firework, keep at least 25 metres away when watching.

NB: There are some fireworks, in Cat 3, which can only be fired by trained and certified professionals. Always use a taper for lighting fireworks and at arm's length.

FOUNTAIN: A ground firework that ejects a spray of sparks or other effects into the air. Larger fountains are often called GERBS. Some fountains are conical in shape, this has the effect of a steadily increasing volume of sparks and noise. These are called CONES or VOLCANOES.

ROMAN CANDLE: Traditional multi-shot firework. Consists of a tube which fires a series of coloured stars or noise effects high into the air.

BOMBETTE CANDLES fire shells into the sky, which then explode into starbursts.

COMET CANDLES produce stars with long trailing tails

CANDLE BATTERIES usually contain four, six or seven roman candles fused together.

CANDLE BOUQUETS consist of a number of roman candles strapped to a wooden frame in a fan shape.

CAKES are fireworks which are made up of a number of different tubes fused together sometimes in the shape of a cake. The tubes usual contain all sorts of different colours and effects making them very popular items.

FOUNTAIN CAKES are a series of different fountains fused together. Easy to set up and of good duration.

MINES: These fireworks consist of a MINE pre-loaded into a cardboard MORTAR TUBE. The mine explodes from the ground and sends a large number of coloured stars and/or noise effects high into the air.

FOUNTAIN MINES: Have a silver fountain delay before the mine erupts.

DOUBLE BREAK MINES erupt once, then screech and then erupt a second time.

DISPLAY MINES are much larger more powerful mines suitable for larger public displays. Although mines are short and sharp the effect can be quite startling.

ROCKETS: Traditional and much-loved fireworks produce the familiar WHOOOOSH! when fired from a FRAME or LAUNCH TUBE. Some rockets may whistle or shriek as they ascend. Some produce coloured bouquets or effects such as SPINNERS, CRACKERS, WHISTLES etc.

SHELLBURST or STARBURST rockets burst like a shell and have a wide dispersion of stars to fill the sky.

The traditional way of measuring the size of rockets is in ounces. We prefer not to use this term as it can be misleading. The weight in ounces has nothing to do with the weight of the rocket or its payload, it is in fact the weight of a lead ball that would fit inside the rocket motor! This dates back to the days of musket shot. However some people still use this measurement so here are the approximate size of rockets in ounces:

  • GARDEN ROCKETS: 1oz
  • SHELLBURST ROCKETS: 2oz
  • SPECIAL EFFECTS ROCKETS: 3oz
  • GIANT SHELLBURST ROCKETS: 4oz
  • MONSTER SHELLBURST ROCKETS: 6oz
  • MEGA ROCKETS WITH EFFECTS: 8oz

SHELLS: Probably the most spectacular of all fireworks but now banned for sale to the general public.

Shells are fireworks that are fired from a MORTAR TUBE buried in the ground. A gunpowder charge fires the shell from the tube to a great height when it then explodes into a sphere of stars.

If you require shells then please enquire about our OPERATOR FIRED SERVICE

WHEELS: Wheels are spinning fireworks usually consisting of several DRIVER FOUNTAINS and effects attached to a frame.

Some wheels may have two or three BREAKS which make a series of different effects.

They should always be attached to a sturdy fence post or similar.

SETPIECES: Are similar in construction to WHEELS but do not rotate.

They usually consist of a static bouquet of various FOUNTAINS. Again a sturdy fence post or similar is all that is necessary for safe use. For ease of firing a post for each device should be erected prior to the display. Alternatively one person can be designated solely to take down and put up these fireworks while someone else fires the rest of the display. Advise and tips on how to erect these devices are usually supplied but don’t be afraid of asking your supplier if you are at all unsure.

Portfires are slow burning hand-held fireworks used to light other larger fireworks. Burning time is between three and five minutes.

SAFETY LIGHTERS are glowing pieces of wick and are used to light smaller fireworks.

 
 
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